We bring you 2 special episodes on "Understanding the Current State of the Earth and the Universe" from Tokyo's Tama area, home to a number of top research institutes. In Part 2, we visit the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan lying at the core of space observation. The observatory leads the world by playing a major role in various research including solar observation with the Hinode satellite, the project that captured a black hole, and dark matter research which is one of the greatest mysteries of space. Find out the forefront of Japanese space observation as we tour state-of-the-art telescopes and facilities that develop technologies which have produced numerous results.